Ground stone analysis : a technological approach /
Jenny L. Adams.
- Salt Lake City : Tucson, Ariz. : University of Utah Press ; Published in conjunction with the Center for Desert Archaeology, c2002.
- vii, 310 p. : ill., map ; 24 cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 275-295) and index.
Machine generated contents note: Part 1. A Foundation for Research 1. The Groundwork 1 Determining Function 6 Laying a Foundation for Analysis 9 Classifying Ground Stone 11 2. Grinding Technology and Technological Analysis 17 Design and Manufacture 18 Use 21 Wear 25 Use-Wear Analysis 27 Kinetics 41 Disuse, or the Afterlife 42 Data Collection 43 Answering Research Questions 46 Analysis Strategy 57 3. Resources for Modeling Tool Use and Technological Behavior 59 Photographs 60 Ethnography 60 Experimental Replication 62 Designing Experimental Research 65 Part 2. Artifact Descriptions 73 4. Abrading, Smoothing, and Polishing Tools 77 Abraders and Smoothers 79 Polishers 91 Hide-Processing Stones 96 5. Grinding and Pulverizing Tools 98 Manos and Metates 99 Mortars 127 Pitted and Cupped Stones 136 Pestles 138 Handstones 142 Netherstones 143 Grinding Slabs 145 Lapstones 145 Palettes 146 6. Percussion Tools 151 Hammerstones 151 Pecking Stones 152 Choppers 153 Chisels 153 Crushers and Fergoliths 154 Pottery Anvils 155 Lithic Anvils 157 7. Hafted Percussion Tools 160 Axes 160 Mauls 173 Picks 175 Adzes 176 Mattocks 177 Hoes 177 Tchamahias 179 8. Spinning Tools 180 Fire-Drill Hearths 180 Spindle Bases 182 Whorls 183 9. Perforating, Cutting, and Scraping Tools 184 Awls 184 Reamers 185 Saws and Files 187 Planes 188 Tabular Tools 189 10. Paraphernalia 191 Atlatl Parts 191 Balls 193 Bell Stones 195 Cruciforms 196 Cylinders and Medicine Stones 198 Disks 200 Lightning Stones 204 Plummets and Weights 204 Pipes and Tubes 205 Shaped Stones 208 Pigments 209 Natural Stones 211 Personal Ornaments 212 Figurines 216 11. Containers and Container Closures 218 Bowls 218 Trays 221 Censers 223 Closures 223 12. Structural Stones 226 Loomblocks 227 Cooking Stones 227 Firedogs and Trivets 231 Fire-Cracked Rock 231 Appendix A: General Artifact Form 233 Appendix B: Handstone Form 243 Appendix C: Netherstone Form 249 Appendix D: Hafted Tool Form 255 Appendix E: Grooved Artifact Form 261 Appendix F: Perforated Artifact Form 265.